【方朝暉】“霸一包養網站比較道”考義

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Confucianism

Instrument in the spring of 2020 Instrument in the early April of the Gengzi

Jesus May 2, 2020

[Content summary] This article system analyzes the appearance, application situation and meaning changes of “domineeringness” in ancient Chinese since the pre-Qin period, and points out that the term “domineeringness” originated from the distinction between emperors, kings and domineeringness. The original meaning refers to the way of ancient kings, and later generations also refer to the way of fantasy as kings, the way of real kings and even Confucius. As for the “ways of ancient kings”, they can refer to the way of Shun, the way of the Three Kings, and even the way of Zhou Wen. The rise of the five hegemons of age is the main historical landscape of the concept of “domineering”. From the perspective of connotation, the meaning of dominance comes from “the previous kings govern with the Tao”, which originally refers to governing the Tao; but since the Song and Ming dynasties, the rise of theory has led many people to believe that dominance can be separated from the throne, and everyone can realize dominance through the inner sage work such as being cautious and honest.

【Keyword】Domedy Feng

【Author】Fang Chaoxie Department of History, Qinghua University of Science and Technology

【Title】A Philological Study of Wangdao(Bully, the Kingly Way)

【Abstract】

This paper aims at systemically studying the different senses of a very important Confucian concept:wangdao(生天, often translated as ‘kingly way’ in English) from philological point of view through two thousand years in ancient China. The author argues that, wangdao comes from the division of thr Bastering Internet car racing feeee kinds of rulers in early China: di (emperor), wang (king) and ba (big), implying the ruling way of anicent wang (kings, especially the so-called three Kings) , the good/ideal ruling way in future, the rulin g way of an existing emperor (good or bad), or even the way proposed by Confucius. The rise of five ba-s(ba)’s dominance in Spring-Autumn period is a very important background for the fashio naable usage of the term wangdao. Although the original sense of wangdao refers to the ruling of kings, it has been transformed by Song-Ming neo-Confuians to mean a pure inward achievement of self-cultivation for anyone with necessarily having a king’s position.

【Key words】wangdao(dominant) badao(governance) zhidao(governance)

I made a preliminary examination of the origin and original meaning of the word “dominant” in the article “Testing for Domineering”. But the information provided by this article makes the face beautiful? Could it be…that person? The force is infinite and the analysis is incomplete. [2] This article will conduct a more comprehensive assessment of the historical implications of the term “domineering”.

The definition of “domineering” in the Han Dictionary is:

A political proposition proposed by Confucianism to govern the whole country with benevolence. Contrary to the slightest. [3]

The other books have different definitions. [4] Gan Chunsong’s recent book “Return to Dominance”[5] When analyzing the meaning of “domineering politics”, he believed that it was used by his predecessors to “criticize the vigour politics that was in the war of the country, and return to the origin of moral politics”, and emphasize the ideology of dominance politics.”It is precisely the Confucian concept of politics and virtue”; because of this, domineering is “a rude attitude towards ruthlessness”; and the reason why the previous kings or sage kings were very important in “dominant ideas” is because “Confucian politics is a kind of politics.” This type of definition or analysis cannot be said to be wrong, but the problem is not clear about the source of domineering meaning, and it is even easy to make people mistakenly think that the word domineering meaning was invented by Confucians.

Many scholars also recognize that the word “domineering” originated from the traceability or summary of the ancient kings’ governance during the war of age. It was originally a historical concept, but it was fantasized by Confucianism. [6] However, the academic community seems to have no clear test and analysis of the origin and performance of the term “domineering”. For example, how did the word “domineering” appear and be applied in ancient Chinese, what are its meanings and how did it change in the past two thousand years? This type of problem is basically unsuccessful. For example, few people talk about the relationship between “dominantness” and the three-part view of the predecessors of emperors, kings and dominances; few people know that the word “dominantness” has many different meanings in modern literature, which is far more complicated than we imagined. In fact, even if the so-called kings and dominances are different, the predecessors have learned a lot. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to analyze the historical origins of the word “domineering” and its historical changes, as well as the structure and meaning changes of the king and domineering differences, etc., based on the basis of the application methods of the word “domineering” for more than two thousand years.

1. Application

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Today’s note: The word “domineering” appeared very early and it was widely used. It first appeared in “Shang Shu* Hong Fan”, and it appeared frequently from the pre-Qin Dynasty to later generations. Today, the electronic texts of “Four Library Complete Books”, “Four Documents and the Four Documents” were reviewed, studied and verified [7], and based on the classification of history, science and theatre, the word “domineering” appears in the ancient texts of the department into the following table:

Table 1 The number of times “domineering” appears in ancient books